The idol of Durga seated or riding a lion comes primarily from the sacred text Devi Mahatmya, a portion of the Markandeya Purana (dated roughly between the 400–600 CE period).

According to the story:

• The gods created Goddess Durga to defeat the demon Mahishasura, who could not be defeated by any male god.

• Each god gave her divine weapons.

• The lion was given as her vahana (vehicle) symbolizing courage, royalty, and uncontrolled power brought under divine control

The lion represents:

• Dharma and strength

• Royal authority

• Fearlessness

• The human ego and animal instincts controlled by divine wisdom

When Durga is shown sitting calmly on the lion, it signifies:
👉 Power under perfect control
👉 Victory without aggression
👉 Divine mastery over nature and emotions